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被覆空間と基本群〜ループを持ち上げて閉じるかどうかを見る

504 Gateway Time-out

504 Gateway Time-out


nginx/1.24.0 (Ubuntu)
実数直線を円周に巻きつけると、1 周するループは $0$ から $1$ へ進む道に持ち上がり、閉じません。持ち上げた道の終点はループのホモトピー類だけで決まり、そこから $p_*$ の単射性、ファイバーの点の個数と部分群の指数の一致、写像が持ち上がる条件 $f_*\pi_1(Y) \subset p_*\pi_1(\tilde{X})$ が導けます。$z^3$ の被覆では 1 周のループが 3 点を順に送り、トーラスの 2 重被覆では閉じるループが部分群の選び方で替わる。局所弧状連結でない空間なら、条件を満たしても持ち上がらない写像があります。