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プリズムの最小偏角から屈折率を求める

504 Gateway Time-out

504 Gateway Time-out


nginx/1.24.0 (Ubuntu)
プリズムを回していくと曲がり方はいったん小さくなり、あるところで止まってまた大きくなります。谷の底では光が底面と平行に、左右対称に通っている。そこから $n = \sin\frac{A+\delta_m}{2} \div \sin\frac{A}{2}$ が出るので、角を 2 つ測るだけで屈折率が決まります。頂角 60 度、屈折率 1.50 なら最小偏角は 37.2 度。屈折率が波長で変わるぶん、赤は 38.2 度、紫は 39.8 度と分かれ、2.0 m 先の壁で 5.6 cm に広がる。頂角が臨界角の 2 倍を超えると光が出られなくなり、90 度のプリズムが双眼鏡の全反射に使われる理由もここから出ます。