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English

ウィルソンの定理(素数と階乗の関係)

pが素数のとき(p−1)!+1はpの倍数になります。逆に、整数p(p>1)について(p−1)!+1がpの倍数のとき、pは素数になります。これをウィルソンの定理といいます。


x!は1からxまでを順番のかけた数のこと。例えば5!=1×2×3×4×5=120となる。

ウィルソンの定理が成り立つこと

(p−1)!+1のpに素数を入れてウィルソンの定理が成り立つことを見てみましょう。

p | (p−1)!+1

  • | -
    2 | 2
    3 | 3
    5 | 25
    7 | 721
    11 | 3628801
    13 | 479001601

721 = 7 × 103
3628801 = 11 × 329891
479001601 = 13 × 36846277

pが素数のとき(p−1)!+1はpの倍数になります。逆に、整数p(p>1)について(p−1)!+1がpの倍数のとき、pは素数になります。これをウィルソンの定理といいます。